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Chemistry of Life (Chapter 2) Part 1

Across
a substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio
Nonpolar substances, such as fats and oils, rarely ___ in water.
Are the substances changed during a chemical reaction.
_____ is a lipid that has a ring structure. It produces steroids. It can be harmful if too much is consumed.
are compounds that remove H+ ions from a solution
_____ are the lipids of animals. A few examples are cheese and butter.
Because an atom has equal numbers of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons, it is electrically _____
What part of the atom is labeled as 2 in picture 8?
have no charge
Carbon is extremely versatile because of _____ electrons.
What determines the function of a protein?
are proteins which are catalysts for chemical reactions in living things.
What are the red particles in picture 2?
What part of the atom is labeled as 1 in picture 8?
Which type of reaction is shown in picture 6?
What is the shape of the carbohydrate in picture 4?
one particular type of atom, and it cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by ordinary chemical means. An element can also refer to a group of atoms of the same type
The cell membrane is made up of _____. Unlike triglycerides, _____ contain a polar head.
Are the covalent bonds that amino acids form with each other
Cohesion from ____ bonds makes water molecules stick to each other.
That is, nonpolar molecules have a region with a slight positive charge and a region with a slight negative charge. (True/False)
_____ bonds give water an abnormally high specific heat. This means that water resists changes in temperature.
Down
Forms when atoms share a pair of electrons
is a polymer made of monomers called amino acids.
are nonpolar molecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol which usually contain chains of carbon atoms bonded to oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
is a compound that releases a proton—a hydrogen ion (H+)—when it dissolves in water
the smallest basic unit of matter
Have a negative electrical charge
Use a pH chart to find the pH of the solution in picture 3.
Which carbohydrate is found in the cell walls of plant cells and is extremely rigid?
have a positive electrical charge
is a mixture of substances that is the same throughout—it is a homogeneous mixture
If the purple piece in picture 7 is an enzyme, what are the orange and blue pieces?
Structure and support , enabling movement, communication, and _____ are the functions of a protein.
Atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons
Which type of lipid is found in picture 5?
are found in very small amounts in your body, but you need them to survive.
amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms.
_____ are a source of energy. They are more energy efficient than carbohydrates, but they are harder to break down.
Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The ratio is one:_____:one respectively.
What part of the atom is labeled as 4 in picture 8?
What part of the atom is labeled as 3 in picture 8?
____ also helps plants transport water from their roots to their leaves.
Ionic bonds are weaker. (True/False)