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Open Note Protein Vocabulary Quiz

Across
the sticking together of particles of the same substance.
1. also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms.
regulate contraction in both muscle and non-muscle cells and are ubiquitous in animal cells (e.g. tropomyosin, myosin, and actin)
defense proteins found in the immune system and produced by the body to fight diseases and prevent injury.
first messenger molecule that binds to another (usually larger) molecule.
1. a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of many similar units bonded together (e.g., many synthetic organic materials used as plastics and resins).
a chemical that an animal produces which changes the behavior of another animal of the same species.
proteins that transport substances across biological membranes. They are found within the membrane itself, where they form a channel, or a carrying mechanism, to allow their substrate to pass from one side to the other.
proteins or glycoprotein that bind signaling molecules known as first messengers, or ligands. They can initiate a signaling cascade, or chemical response, that induces cell growth, division, and death or opens membrane channels.
1. the process in which a muscle becomes or is made shorter and tighter.
Down
1. any of a class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids and are an essential part of all living organisms.
the substance on which an enzyme acts.
these proteins serve as biological reserves of metal ions and amino acids, used by organisms. They are found in plant seeds, egg whites, and milk. Ferritin is an example of a storage protein that stores iron.
a chemical bond formed between an electropositive atom (typically hydrogen) and a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen. They are responsible for the bonding of water molecules in liquid and solid states and are weaker than covalent and ionic bonds.
1. a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
1. occurs when a positively charged ion forms a bond with a negatively charged ions and one atom transfers electrons to another.
1. a simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group and are the building blocks of protein molecules.
a compound consisting of two or more amino acids linked in a chain, the carboxyl group of each acid being joined to the amino group of the next by a bond of the type -OC-NH-.
the proteins that are generally fibrous and stringy and are the most abundant class of proteins in nature. Their main function is to provide mechanical support (e.g. keratin, collagen, and elastin).
hormones whose molecules are peptides or proteins. They are water-soluble and act on the surface of target cells via second messengers.
1. an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.